Animal Testing; A multi-million dollar operation-TJ
U.S. tax dollars fund experiments-TJ
EPA requires by law pesticides are tested on dogs-MJ
FDA requires companies selling flouride to swab the teeth of at least 200 rats for two weeks-MJ
After two weeks rats are killed and baked in oven for two hours-MJ
Mars candy company tests on animals-MJ
Animals are force fed substances till death-MJ
Test results are often not useful/practical-MJ
Gov regs require chemicals, vaccines and drugs to be injected into eyes of subjects-MJ
Gov tests kill about 2000 animals per test.-MJ
Dogs are put into gas chambers to conduct tests-MJ
Animals are cut open and forced to live in steel cages for undetermined amounts-MJ
Non animal methods are less expensive, more humane, and less time time consuming.-MJ
Is it morally okay? "Because theyre not like us"...irrelevant-MJ
115000000 animals are experimented on and killed per year-MJ
Stomachs of rats are pumped full of chemicals-MJ
Dogs thighs are injected with chemicals-MJ
600 companies have banned all animal tests-TJ
Animals are infected with diseases-TJ
Tumors grow on tests subjects as big as your fist-TJ
Chimpsanzees locked in cages become depressed;eventually losing minds-TJ
Kittens are purposely blinded-TJ
Video footage is captured, showing cruelty; animals cower when faced by any human-TJ
Animals see others die right in front of them-TJ
Peta documented rats heads cut off by scissors.-TJ
Cats starved and heads are cut into to study deafness-TJ
Iams dogs dumped on concrete floor after having muscle cut out of thighs-TJ
PETA Investigator documented a live kitten dumped down a drain.-TJ
European Union introduced chemical-testing strategy;likely to cause millions of animals to be killed in cruel outdated toxicity tests.-TJ
2003 documented Covance branch in germany to kill thousands of monkeys by deprivation starvation and fear.-TJ
12 million animals used in scientific procedures in European Union each year-TJ
:
"Balcome" "PETA Media Center." Alternatives: Testing Without Torture. 4-05-2005. PETA. 14 Nov 2008 <http://www.peta.org/mc/factsheet_display.asp?ID=87>.
ALTERNATIVES
cost a fraction of what the animal experiments pay for.-TJ
studies of human populations-TJ
volunteers-TJ
patients-TJ
computer-modeling techniques-TJ
Pharmagene Laboratories; 1st comp. to use human tissue and computer programs to study-TJ
“If you have information on human genes, what’s the point of going back to animals?” -TJ
Studies of population tracks the root causes of diseases. -TJ
Demographic studies revealed cancer and smoking relationships, not animals-TJ
Animal testing involves inducing disease, human testing involves the ill or already dying. -TJ
MRI, PET, and CT scans identified cause of schizophrenia-TJ
embryonic stem cell test can replace birth defect tests in rabbits-TJ
leftover skin from surgeries can be used to test chemical penetration, replacing animals
clinical patch test in human volunteers; good alternative to allergy tests-TJ
Harvard, Stanford, and Yale, replaceduse of live animals in physiology, pharmacology with other methods.-TJ
Alternative-cardiac bypass surgery-TJ
Patient Simulators-TJ
Alternative-patient simulators-TJ
Alternative-cadavers -TJ
Buying CD programs are cost effective, whereas disposal of animals daily isn’t-TJ
Biology undergraduates concurred results by simulated programs were that of actual dissections-TJ
Biology computer taught students gained knowledge at faster rate than traditional methods-TJ
U.S. Enviro. Protection Agency, FDA, National Toxicology program; all involved in animal testing-TJ
1-800-922-frog- dissection hotline-TJ
Alternative loan programs set up for students unavailable to pay for alternative programs-TJ
Animal testing can never reproduce human results exactly-TJ
Population studies resulted in possible preventions of AIDS
3T3 Neutral Red Uptake Phototoxicity Test, uses cells grown in culture to study photo irritation to the skin-TJ
EpiDerm test, used universally as total replacement for skin corrosion studies in rabbits-TJ
Those who don’t want animals to be disposable must use alternatives-TJ
www.aspca.org
It is thought that almost 90% of animals used for animal testing are mice and rats-EG
In 2002 it was calculated that almost 14 million rats and mice were used for testing-EG
Almost 15 million mammals were tested the same year (2002)-EG
Small animals (rats, rabbits, etc.) are usually kept in shoebox-sized containers made of plastic-EG
Often more than one animal is kept in the same box-EG
Larger animals like dogs, primates, and cats are kept in wire cages and are usually alone-EG
Animals have little or nothing to keep their interest while they are in the cages, so they get bored and lonely-EG
Many of the animals are given anesthesia during treatment so they don't feel pain-EG
Scientists who do the animal testing say that if a few suffer now, many people and animals will benefit in the future-EG
Vaccines have been created by testing on animals-EG
Most scientists get animals from animal dealers-EG
Some raise animals themselves-EG
There are 2 types of animal dealers-EG
Class A: usually breed their own animals and sell them to companies who use animal testing-EG
Class B: take animals off the street and sell to scientists-EG
In all 50 states it is illegal to use stolen animals for research-EG
Research scientists do has to be approved by the IACUC (Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee)-EG
If scientists don't follow certain laws regarding animal safety, they are punished-EG
Animal Welfare Act (1966) and Health Research Extension Act (1985)- explain that animals used for research must have adequate veternary care, housing, food, and water. -EG
To replace live animals, computer simulations and other new technology can be used.-EG
People are trying to reduce the number of animals that are tested on.-EG
Experiments using animals must be absolutely necessary, or possibly lead to a breakthrough.-EG
Improve the conditions in which animals undergoing testing are living in.-EG http://www.pg.com/science/ria_hs_partnership.shtml
P&G (Proctor and Gamble) has a partership with HSUS to stop animal testing altogether.-MJ
P&G is promoting anti-animal testing.-MJ
Expose cruealty behind tests-MJ
Encourage goverment to give money to stop animal testing.-MJ http://www.pcrm.org/resch/anexp/
Many people find animal testing to be unethical and not always practical-EG
There has been a rapid shift from using live animals in testing to non-animal methods recently-EG
There are technical advantages to not using animals-EG http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/2008-02-14-animal-tests_N.htm
Environmental Protection Agency, National Institutes of Health, National Toxicology Program- working to create and develop new methods to replace animal testing-EG
It is thought that it will take about 10 years before animal testing is replaced with other methods of research-EG
New approaches to testing are being worked on now, although developing new technology may take a while-EG
Animals are often used to test chemicals in cosmetics-EG
Animal testing costs a lot to do, which is why cheaper alternatives should be looked into-EG http://www.clearleadinc.com/site/cosmetic-animal.html
Avon- first cosmetic company to stop using animal testing-TM
animal testing in cosmetics- done for soaps and eye shadows-TM
sunscreen products used on guinea pigs-TM
50% of animals tested die less than three weeks after tests are started-TM ----
www.aavs.org/testingBg.html
Products that are created using animal testing: household cleaning products, drugs, medical technology, chemicals, food products-EG http://www.aboutmyplanet.com/science-technology/animal-testing/
Only 6% of animal testing is done to aid in medical research-EG
Europe hasn't been using products created using animal research since 2002-EG
Unreasonable doses of harmful substances are force-fed to animals undergoing testing. The amounts used are unlikely to even occur where the substances were to be used-EG
Animals like mice don't always compare very well to humans, so when they are tested the products tested on them may not react to humans in the same way-EG
http://environment.about.com/od/greenlivingdesign/a/animal_testing.htm
Some animal testing is "voluntary". They don't always need to use live animals when testing products-EG
PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) and other o rganizations are protesting against animal testing and suggesting the boycott of companies that use it-EG
Over 500 companies producing cosmetics, household cleaners, etc. have stopped using animals for testing-EG
New Animal Testing Gidelines Developed. 2008 AAP. 11/13/08 <http://news.smh.com.au/national/new-animal-testing-guidelines-developed-20080818-3xgl.html>.
Computer modeling can be used instead of animal testing-MJ
Australia has come up with other alternatives-MJ
Mice, pigs, monkeys, rats are tested on - MJ
Reducing number of animals - MJ
Do a better job of researching so animals aren't in so much pain - MJ
But if have to test on animals - it will be as humane as possible - MJ
Apparently computers can do just as good a job - MJ
Shandilya, Ranjan . Animal Testing Pros. 3/31/08 Buzzle.com. 11/13/08 <http://www.buzzle.com/articles/animal-testing-pros.html>.
20 million killed anually-MJ
15 million for meds-MJ
5 million are tested on for other things - MJ
10% of animals don't get painkillers - MJ
People think we can't move ahead w/o animal testing-MJ
"British organization" "complaints made against animal testing are not correct and also that animal testing generates invaluable information"-MJ
Testing has helped find vaccines for Polio, mumps, rabies, milaria- MJ
Humans and animals have benefitted from this - MJ
Caring Science. WALTHAM. 11/13/08 <http://www.waltham.com/about2.htm>.
Mars website says that they use a "caring science" when they test. - MJ
they simulate environments for dogs, cats, and birds - MJ
But apparently they use the three Rs: replacement, testing without animals, reduction, less animals, and refinement, less stress and pain for animals. - MJ
They simulate gardens for dogs, mimic seasons, they "simulate play" for dogs - MJ Mars' Gristly secret: Candymaker kills animals. PETA. 11/13/08 <http://www.marscandykills.com/index.asp>.
Mars tests aren't necessary --- the law doesn't make them do them - MJ
Hershey's doesn't test on animals-MJ
Tests not "reliable"-MJ
Dixon, Thomas. Animal Experimentation . June 28, 2000 IDEA Inc.. 11/13/08 <http://www.idebate.org/debatabase/topic_details.php?topicID=7>.
Animal testing gives us info on how to treat certain diseases (like AIDS) and cancer - MJ
Testing helps learn more about animals and people - MJ
To test medicine, cosmetics, surgery procedures - MJ
To reduce human suffering - MJ
"So that if there is a decent chance that an experiment will result in an important medical breakthrough that will reduce human suffering an death then it is justifiable to allow animal suffering" - MJ
Humans share around 99% genes with chmpanzees and little less with other monkeys - MJ
Others see animals to be lowere than humans - MJ
Animal testing is only used if the alternatives don't work
Animal testing can't be banned. Then research for drugs will come to a halt - MJ
Lipstick and mascara aren't tested on animals anymore - MJ About Animal Testing. 2000-2008 About Animal Testing. 11/13/08 <http://www.aboutanimaltesting.co.uk/animal-suffering-assessment-unclassified.html>.
Sunscreen and cleaners for contacts are "cosmetics" - MJ
Have inspections to see if labs are clean, following protocol etc. - MJ
Animals are checked on to see if getting care - MJ
Testers are normally well trained and have to pass tests on animal care during tests - MJ
Cages are checked to make sure they are secure, safe, and clean - MJ
" The mild category involves a minor level of distress to the animal but generally does not result in a significant change from the animal's prior state of health" - MJ
The unclassified category is when animal is unconscious during the experiment and killed before he/she can even wake up - no pain -MJ
Activists say you can't really tell if animal is suffering - MJ
"Who support its use for advancing medicine and protecting humans from product harm"-MJ
Gaul, Gilbert. "In U.S., Few Alternatives To Testing On Animals." The Washington Post__ 12 April 2008: cols. 7.
Botox is tested on mice - MJ
Botox is put into mice until at least 50% dies ("Lethal Dose 50") - MJ
Poisoned to death - MJ
"Lethal Dose 50" is required - MJ
congress made a panel to develop non-animal tests - MJ
181 alternative tests out if the 185 were not passed - MJ
Animals are tested for cleaners, pesticides, sunscreens, and etc. - MJ
"It's shocking to look back and see how little we have accomplished," said Sara Amundson- MJ
15 federal agencies make up panel - MJ
Panel called: ICCVAM (Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods)-MJ
Europe has a panel like this but they have approved 34 alternatives - MJ
Also Europe has 170 "in the pipeline" - MJ
"Critics say the US panel is slow and favors older animal tests that have never gone through the same scientific review" - MJ
One alternative in the US has approved 1 alternative that has saved "at least 36,000 animals annually" - MJ
panel says "unfair" to compare Europe to US because has different rules and laws different - MJ
Some officials and scientists have left their proposals because reviews are expensive - MJ
Panel members accused and are biased in favor of animal tests - MJ
One panel member asked how they could "combat these papers" on an alternative - MJ
Panel made 5-year plan "promoting research development" and "acceptance of alternative test methods"-MJ
"...there are no federal reporting requirements for mice and rate, which account for most of the animals used in product testing"-MJ
Alternatives will give more data - MJ
Animals used to see what could potentially hurt a PERSON - MJ
People keep using testing because it's a "comfort levelt" - MJ
Many firms have stopped using lethal dose 50 to use fewer animals - MJ
Amount of animals in testing down 1/3 - MJ
2005 Humane Society wanted review, 2006 panel of scientists sent in a draft report, meeting in 2007, still no answer-MJ
Panel rejected alternatives that Europe been using -MJ
Panel doesn't understand "limitations" of animal testing - MJ
Europe has "been moving away from animal testing more 20 years ago-MJ
Europe banned animal tests on cosmetics - MJ
Made rules about testing with chemicals - MJ
ECVAM (Europe's panel) 60 employees, budget of 25 million (10x of US) - MJ
ECVAM develops and researches other methods - MJ
"Science is moving ahead" animal tests aren't - MJ
www.stopanimaltest.com. 5-7-04 PETA. 11-13-08
Animal Testing; A multi-million dollar operation-TJ
U.S. tax dollars fund experiments-TJ
EPA requires by law pesticides are tested on dogs-MJ
FDA requires companies selling flouride to swab the teeth of at least 200 rats for two weeks-MJ
After two weeks rats are killed and baked in oven for two hours-MJ
Mars candy company tests on animals-MJ
Animals are force fed substances till death-MJ
Test results are often not useful/practical-MJ
Gov regs require chemicals, vaccines and drugs to be injected into eyes of subjects-MJ
Gov tests kill about 2000 animals per test.-MJ
Dogs are put into gas chambers to conduct tests-MJ
Animals are cut open and forced to live in steel cages for undetermined amounts-MJ
Non animal methods are less expensive, more humane, and less time time consuming.-MJ
Is it morally okay? "Because theyre not like us"...irrelevant-MJ
115000000 animals are experimented on and killed per year-MJ
Stomachs of rats are pumped full of chemicals-MJ
Dogs thighs are injected with chemicals-MJ
600 companies have banned all animal tests-TJ
Animals are infected with diseases-TJ
Tumors grow on tests subjects as big as your fist-TJ
Chimpsanzees locked in cages become depressed;eventually losing minds-TJ
Kittens are purposely blinded-TJ
Video footage is captured, showing cruelty; animals cower when faced by any human-TJ
Animals see others die right in front of them-TJ
Peta documented rats heads cut off by scissors.-TJ
Cats starved and heads are cut into to study deafness-TJ
Iams dogs dumped on concrete floor after having muscle cut out of thighs-TJ
PETA Investigator documented a live kitten dumped down a drain.-TJ
European Union introduced chemical-testing strategy;likely to cause millions of animals to be killed in cruel outdated toxicity tests.-TJ
2003 documented Covance branch in germany to kill thousands of monkeys by deprivation starvation and fear.-TJ
12 million animals used in scientific procedures in European Union each year-TJ
:
"Balcome" "PETA Media Center." Alternatives: Testing Without Torture. 4-05-2005. PETA. 14 Nov 2008 <http://www.peta.org/mc/factsheet_display.asp?ID=87>.
ALTERNATIVES
www.aspca.org
It is thought that almost 90% of animals used for animal testing are mice and rats-EG
In 2002 it was calculated that almost 14 million rats and mice were used for testing-EG
Almost 15 million mammals were tested the same year (2002)-EG
Small animals (rats, rabbits, etc.) are usually kept in shoebox-sized containers made of plastic-EG
Often more than one animal is kept in the same box-EG
Larger animals like dogs, primates, and cats are kept in wire cages and are usually alone-EG
Animals have little or nothing to keep their interest while they are in the cages, so they get bored and lonely-EG
Many of the animals are given anesthesia during treatment so they don't feel pain-EG
Scientists who do the animal testing say that if a few suffer now, many people and animals will benefit in the future-EG
Vaccines have been created by testing on animals-EG
Most scientists get animals from animal dealers-EG
Some raise animals themselves-EG
There are 2 types of animal dealers-EG
Class A: usually breed their own animals and sell them to companies who use animal testing-EG
Class B: take animals off the street and sell to scientists-EG
In all 50 states it is illegal to use stolen animals for research-EG
Research scientists do has to be approved by the IACUC (Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee)-EG
If scientists don't follow certain laws regarding animal safety, they are punished-EG
Animal Welfare Act (1966) and Health Research Extension Act (1985)- explain that animals used for research must have adequate veternary care, housing, food, and water. -EG
To replace live animals, computer simulations and other new technology can be used.-EG
People are trying to reduce the number of animals that are tested on.-EG
Experiments using animals must be absolutely necessary, or possibly lead to a breakthrough.-EG
Improve the conditions in which animals undergoing testing are living in.-EG
http://www.pg.com/science/ria_hs_partnership.shtml
P&G (Proctor and Gamble) has a partership with HSUS to stop animal testing altogether.-MJ
P&G is promoting anti-animal testing.-MJ
Expose cruealty behind tests-MJ
Encourage goverment to give money to stop animal testing.-MJ
http://www.pcrm.org/resch/anexp/
Many people find animal testing to be unethical and not always practical-EG
There has been a rapid shift from using live animals in testing to non-animal methods recently-EG
There are technical advantages to not using animals-EG
http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/2008-02-14-animal-tests_N.htm
Environmental Protection Agency, National Institutes of Health, National Toxicology Program- working to create and develop new methods to replace animal testing-EG
It is thought that it will take about 10 years before animal testing is replaced with other methods of research-EG
New approaches to testing are being worked on now, although developing new technology may take a while-EG
Animals are often used to test chemicals in cosmetics-EG
Animal testing costs a lot to do, which is why cheaper alternatives should be looked into-EG
http://www.clearleadinc.com/site/cosmetic-animal.html
- Avon- first cosmetic company to stop using animal testing-TM
- animal testing in cosmetics- done for soaps and eye shadows-TM
- sunscreen products used on guinea pigs-TM
- 50% of animals tested die less than three weeks after tests are started-TM ----
http://pgbeautyscience.com/animal-testing-alternatives.html- P&G cosmetics do not use animal testing unless completely necessary-TM
- they are in favor of eliminating all animal testing in the cosmetics industry-TM
- they have helped create 50 or more alternatives for testing products-TM ----
http://environment.about.com/od/greenlivingdesign/a/animal_testing.htm?iam=momma_100_SKD&terms=animal+testing"Christ Loves Creatures Too." Argument Against Animal Testing. 8-20-2003.
14 Nov 2008 <http://www.all-creatures.org/clct/art-antest.html
Religious-emotional aspects
www.aavs.org/testingBg.html
Products that are created using animal testing: household cleaning products, drugs, medical technology, chemicals, food products-EG
http://www.aboutmyplanet.com/science-technology/animal-testing/
Only 6% of animal testing is done to aid in medical research-EG
Europe hasn't been using products created using animal research since 2002-EG
Unreasonable doses of harmful substances are force-fed to animals undergoing testing. The amounts used are unlikely to even occur where the substances were to be used-EG
Animals like mice don't always compare very well to humans, so when they are tested the products tested on them may not react to humans in the same way-EG
http://environment.about.com/od/greenlivingdesign/a/animal_testing.htm
Some animal testing is "voluntary". They don't always need to use live animals when testing products-EG
PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) and other o rganizations are protesting against animal testing and suggesting the boycott of companies that use it-EG
Over 500 companies producing cosmetics, household cleaners, etc. have stopped using animals for testing-EG
New Animal Testing Gidelines Developed. 2008 AAP. 11/13/08 <http://news.smh.com.au/national/new-animal-testing-guidelines-developed-20080818-3xgl.html>.
Computer modeling can be used instead of animal testing-MJ
Australia has come up with other alternatives-MJ
Mice, pigs, monkeys, rats are tested on - MJ
Reducing number of animals - MJ
Do a better job of researching so animals aren't in so much pain - MJ
But if have to test on animals - it will be as humane as possible - MJ
Apparently computers can do just as good a job - MJ
Shandilya, Ranjan . Animal Testing Pros. 3/31/08 Buzzle.com. 11/13/08 <http://www.buzzle.com/articles/animal-testing-pros.html>.
20 million killed anually-MJ
15 million for meds-MJ
5 million are tested on for other things - MJ
10% of animals don't get painkillers - MJ
People think we can't move ahead w/o animal testing-MJ
"British organization" "complaints made against animal testing are not correct and also that animal testing generates invaluable information"-MJ
Testing has helped find vaccines for Polio, mumps, rabies, milaria- MJ
Humans and animals have benefitted from this - MJ
Caring Science. WALTHAM. 11/13/08 <http://www.waltham.com/about2.htm>.
Mars website says that they use a "caring science" when they test. - MJ
they simulate environments for dogs, cats, and birds - MJ
But apparently they use the three Rs: replacement, testing without animals, reduction, less animals, and refinement, less stress and pain for animals. - MJ
They simulate gardens for dogs, mimic seasons, they "simulate play" for dogs - MJ
Mars' Gristly secret: Candymaker kills animals. PETA. 11/13/08 <http://www.marscandykills.com/index.asp>.
Mars tests aren't necessary --- the law doesn't make them do them - MJ
Hershey's doesn't test on animals-MJ
Tests not "reliable"-MJ
Dixon, Thomas. Animal Experimentation . June 28, 2000 IDEA Inc.. 11/13/08 <http://www.idebate.org/debatabase/topic_details.php?topicID=7>.
Animal testing gives us info on how to treat certain diseases (like AIDS) and cancer - MJ
Testing helps learn more about animals and people - MJ
To test medicine, cosmetics, surgery procedures - MJ
To reduce human suffering - MJ
"So that if there is a decent chance that an experiment will result in an important medical breakthrough that will reduce human suffering an death then it is justifiable to allow animal suffering" - MJ
Humans share around 99% genes with chmpanzees and little less with other monkeys - MJ
Others see animals to be lowere than humans - MJ
Animal testing is only used if the alternatives don't work
Animal testing can't be banned. Then research for drugs will come to a halt - MJ
Lipstick and mascara aren't tested on animals anymore - MJ
About Animal Testing. 2000-2008 About Animal Testing. 11/13/08 <http://www.aboutanimaltesting.co.uk/animal-suffering-assessment-unclassified.html>.
Sunscreen and cleaners for contacts are "cosmetics" - MJ
Have inspections to see if labs are clean, following protocol etc. - MJ
Animals are checked on to see if getting care - MJ
Testers are normally well trained and have to pass tests on animal care during tests - MJ
Cages are checked to make sure they are secure, safe, and clean - MJ
" The mild category involves a minor level of distress to the animal but generally does not result in a significant change from the animal's prior state of health" - MJ
The unclassified category is when animal is unconscious during the experiment and killed before he/she can even wake up - no pain -MJ
Activists say you can't really tell if animal is suffering - MJ
"Who support its use for advancing medicine and protecting humans from product harm"-MJ
Gaul, Gilbert. "In U.S., Few Alternatives To Testing On Animals." The Washington Post__ 12 April 2008: cols. 7.
Botox is tested on mice - MJ
Botox is put into mice until at least 50% dies ("Lethal Dose 50") - MJ
Poisoned to death - MJ
"Lethal Dose 50" is required - MJ
congress made a panel to develop non-animal tests - MJ
181 alternative tests out if the 185 were not passed - MJ
Animals are tested for cleaners, pesticides, sunscreens, and etc. - MJ
"It's shocking to look back and see how little we have accomplished," said Sara Amundson- MJ
15 federal agencies make up panel - MJ
Panel called: ICCVAM (Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods)-MJ
Europe has a panel like this but they have approved 34 alternatives - MJ
Also Europe has 170 "in the pipeline" - MJ
"Critics say the US panel is slow and favors older animal tests that have never gone through the same scientific review" - MJ
One alternative in the US has approved 1 alternative that has saved "at least 36,000 animals annually" - MJ
panel says "unfair" to compare Europe to US because has different rules and laws different - MJ
Some officials and scientists have left their proposals because reviews are expensive - MJ
Panel members accused and are biased in favor of animal tests - MJ
One panel member asked how they could "combat these papers" on an alternative - MJ
Panel made 5-year plan "promoting research development" and "acceptance of alternative test methods"-MJ
"...there are no federal reporting requirements for mice and rate, which account for most of the animals used in product testing"-MJ
Alternatives will give more data - MJ
Animals used to see what could potentially hurt a PERSON - MJ
People keep using testing because it's a "comfort levelt" - MJ
Many firms have stopped using lethal dose 50 to use fewer animals - MJ
Amount of animals in testing down 1/3 - MJ
2005 Humane Society wanted review, 2006 panel of scientists sent in a draft report, meeting in 2007, still no answer-MJ
Panel rejected alternatives that Europe been using -MJ
Panel doesn't understand "limitations" of animal testing - MJ
Europe has "been moving away from animal testing more 20 years ago-MJ
Europe banned animal tests on cosmetics - MJ
Made rules about testing with chemicals - MJ
ECVAM (Europe's panel) 60 employees, budget of 25 million (10x of US) - MJ
ECVAM develops and researches other methods - MJ
"Science is moving ahead" animal tests aren't - MJ